Voltage fluctuations in Power network is caused by sudden on loading or off loading as well as contribution of fault from either load side or source side.
Sudden tripping of large turbo alternator as well as Short circuit of any large motor or transformer or transmission line both has impact upon power network.
Assessment can be done only by Load flow studies and stability analysis of a section of network for industrial purpose but for municipal level, it’s much more challenging to analyze the fault and safe isolation from faulty network during occurrence of fault.
These disturbance are transient and last for few milliseconds.
But their impact upon electronic components are very severe.
Either failure of simple mobile charger in a domestic power plug or burning of PLC or Failure of VFD in industry.
Solutions: –
For , domestic purpose and industrial purposes there are different types of SPDs are available in market and can be used according to needs
However, for industrial purpose use of isolation transformer and UPS are more reliable and efficient solutions.
Whenever there’s big gap between voltage rating of HV and LV in transformer, an isolation transformer is suggested to install in the network for better results. Furthermore, isolation transformers can also help to protect against potential damage caused by electrical noise or surges, reduce noise disruption, correct harmonic distortion, and prevent earthing failure also.
UPS is suggested for centrally connected load and need more maintenance cost .
SPDs are installed individually to the equipment almost like fuse and not cost effective solution for industrial purpose.
Surge suppresser (LC or RC filter based) can be also installed and grounded parallelly to the network but sometimes not effective for very short interval spikes.
For very critical and costly industrial components, Isolation transformer along with UPS is best way to prevent damage from such kind of transient disturbance.
Snubber Circuit are generally part of semiconductor electronic circuits and designed to protect from such kind of voltage spikes.
