What is Spacer in overhead transmission lines?
A spacer is one of the basic elements used in overhead transmission lines. It is a non-conductive piece designed specifically to separate metal conductors from each other in a transmission line.
Environmental factors such as strong winds and melting ice can significantly shake the conductors of overhead transmission lines, leading to damage to supporting structures, cracking of insulators, and this may lead to shortening between conductors.
The only way to prevent this is to install separators between the power line connectors.
Spacers are mainly used in bundled conductors in electrical transmission lines that we talked about in a previous post, and they can be used with individual conductors as shown in the first image.
The importance of the separator:–
Seam prevention:- The separator prevents electrical shortages between conductors, which may lead to electrical shortages or system damage.
Maintain safe distance:- The separator maintains a safe distance between conductors, reducing the risk of electrical discharge.
Vibration reduction:- The separator stabilizes conductors and reduces vibrations caused by wind or other weather factors, protecting conductors and insulators from damage.
Improved thermal distribution:- The separator helps to improve heat distribution in conductors, extending their lifespan.
Types of separators:-There are many types of separators, and each type has its own design to match the type of conductor and voltage of the transmission line.
Among the most popular types of separators:
1. Disc spacers: consist of non-conductive buffer disks installed on the connectors.
2. Tubular separators: consist of insulating pipes separating conductors.
3. Spring spacers: contain springs to stabilize connectors and reduce vibrations.
✔Factors affecting the choice of separator type:-
Voltage: Specifies the type of insulator used in the separator.
Mechanical load: the separator must be able to withstand mechanical loads caused by wind and ice.
Environmental conditions: The separator must be resistant to extreme weather conditions such as rain and UV rays.