What is Generator Synchronization?
Generator synchronization is the process of matching parameters such as voltage, frequency, phase angle, phase sequence, and waveform of alternator (generator) or other source with a healthy or running power system.
This is done before the generator is reconnected to the power system. Once a generator is synchronized with the parameters of another generator, alternator, or bus bar, the system can run smoothly again.
Generator synchronization to a power system must be conducted carefully to prevent damage to the unit, as well as the power system itself.
When synchronizing a generator to a power system, the frequency and voltage of the generator must match closely. The rotor angle and the instantaneous power system phase angle must be close prior to closing the generator breaker and connecting the isolated generator to a power system.
In the majority of cases for generator synchronization, the synchronization process is automated via an automatic synchronizer with manual control capabilities that can be used in backup situations.
Synchronizing panels generally indicate any adjustments that the operator should make in regards to the governor and excited and when it’s deemed acceptable to close the breaker.
☑Requirements for Synchronization of Generators.
During generator synchronization procedure, you’ll need to make sure four parameters align between your generators.
These parameters are.
🔹Phase_sequence:- The three phases of the alternators in your system must have the same phase sequence as the phases of your electric grid or bus bar.
🔹Voltage_magnitude: -Voltage magnitude can cause significant disruptions if the alternators and bus bar are not parallel. When alternator voltage is higher than the bus bar, you’ll create a high reactive power in your grid that could pose safety concerns. If the alternator voltage is lower, the generator will absorb high reactive power from the bus bar and potentially fail.
🔹Frequency:- When frequencies are unequal, they create an unstable flow of energy. This instability may lead to damaged equipment.
🔹Phase_angle: The phase angle of the bus bar and generator alternator must be zero.generator synchronization procedure will help you determine if these parameters are equal between your bus bar and generator alternators.
#generator
